The buildings hygrothermal behaviour has been studied in last few years by the Physics of Constructions group from FEUP [1]. The study of hygrothermal performance is essential to characterize the quality of inner environment allowing the knowledge of the thermal answer from buildings envelope when subject to inside and outside climate variations. We understood that would be of great benefit to get some results that allow the characterization of hygrothermal behaviour from constructive elements. The aim of this article is to compare the results from the experimental analysis of temperature, relative humidity and partial vapour pressure variations inside a church, with exterior variations, envelope characteristics, inner water vapour production and ventilation conditions. Copyright © 2010 IAHS.