Bitumen is often used as a precursor for the preparation of carbon materials due to its high carbon content and abundant resources. Bitumen-based carbon materials have a high degree of graphitization, fewer defects and higher electrical conductivity, which have potential applications in energy storage. In this study, the effect of asphalt pretreatment on the pore structure and electrochemical behavior of porous carbon was investigated. Numerical simulation methods were used to prepare nine porous carbon materials from coal liquefied bitumen, mediumtemperature bitumen and high-temperature bitumen by preoxidation, catalytic polymerization and high-temperature polymerization pretreatments, and analyze their structural characteristics by elemental analysis, XRD and Raman spectroscopy, determine the pore structural parameters by nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and use constant current charging/discharging, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance spectroscopy to The electrochemical properties were evaluated by constant current charging and discharging and AC impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the heat treatment temperature directly affects the microcrystalline structure and pore size distribution of the porous carbon, and the carbon layer spacing d002 reaches a maximum value of 0.427 nm during the heat treatment at 430 ℃, indicating that it is the most disordered. The sample of PCs-370 possesses a maximum specific surface area of 2160 m²/g, with a microporous volume percentage of 91%. In terms of electrochemical performance, PCs-460 showed the best performance in the three-electrode system, with a specific capacitance of up to 422F/g at 0.5A/g current density, and remained above 290F/g at 10A/g current density. The results proved that porous carbon materials with excellent electrochemical properties can be prepared after appropriate pretreatment and activation of bitumen, which is of great significance for the design and preparation of electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors.
