Balanced allocation of compulsory education resources is the basis for realizing educational equity. Currently, the spatial distribution of compulsory education resources in China’s rural areas is uneven, and there are significant differences between rural areas in the west and coastal areas in the east in terms of site conditions, facility conditions and teacher conditions. This study evaluates the spatial balance of compulsory education resources in rural areas of China based on geographically weighted regression model. The source of spatial differences in educational resources between rural areas in the west and coastal areas in the east is analyzed using the Thiel index decomposition method, and the regional geographically weighted regression model (RGWR) is introduced to construct an assessment model for the compulsory education resources index. The study selects the 2014-2023 national county compulsory education basic balanced supervision and evaluation data, and analyzes eight indicators in three dimensions: site conditions, facility conditions and teacher conditions. The study finds that: intra-regional differences are the main source of spatial differences in educational resources, and the contribution rate of intra-regional differences in the eight indicators ranges from 88.58% to 99.23%; the index of compulsory education resources in the sample rural areas rises from 100 in 2014 to 298 in 2023, with an average annual growth rate of 12.97%; the allocation of educational resources in the eastern, central and western regions shows differentiated characteristics, with the eastern region increasing by the The highest is 225, the western region has the fastest average annual growth rate of 15.08%, and the central region has the slowest growth rate of 11.57%. The study shows that the spatial balance of compulsory education resources in rural areas still needs to be improved, and it is recommended to clarify the actual demand for the allocation of education resources, improve the overall quality and fairness of education, and optimize the travel of students to improve accessibility.
