With the concept of new quality productivity, regional industrial transformation has become a necessary path for high-quality economic development. However, there is an obvious disconnect between traditional industrial structure transformation and talent supply, which restricts the development of regional innovation. This paper explores the intelligent optimization strategy of regional industrial transformation and talent supply path driven by new quality productivity. The study explores the effective ways of synergistic development of industrial structure optimization and talent supply by analyzing the current situation of industrial transformation and talent supply in Region A from 2000 to 2020, and constructing a composite talent supply framework by combining the AGIL model. The results show that: the structure of the three industries in Region A shows the trend of “retreating one, reducing two and increasing three”, and the proportion of the tertiary industry has increased by 18.7 percentage points from 30.6% in 2000 to 49.3% in 2020; the proportion of high-tech industries in the total output value of industries above designated size has increased from 21.56% in 2009 to 33.04% in 2020; the satisfaction rate of the employers to the graduates in the region has reached 72% overall, but the satisfaction level of the employers to the graduates in the region has reached 72% overall. The overall satisfaction of employers with regional graduates reaches 72%, but the evaluation in terms of innovation ability, scientific research ability and foreign language ability is relatively low. Based on this, the study puts forward suggestions for optimizing industrial transformation by playing the role of government policy guidance, cultivating leading enterprises, promoting the construction of industrial parks and adjusting the industrial structure, and constructs the path of high-quality supply of talents under the AGIL model from the three dimensions of optimizing the top-level design, rational allocation of resources and collaborative nurturing between schools and enterprises, which provides a frame of reference to promote the synergistic development of regional industrial transformation and the supply of talents.