The rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has prompted the transformation and upgrading of the logistics industry, and the intelligent warehousing and automatic distribution system has become a key link in the development of modern logistics economy. This study builds an intelligent warehousing and automatic distribution system based on the Internet of Things technology, adopts MVC design pattern and Spring, MyBatis framework to develop a warehouse management platform, and establishes a multi-objective optimization model and an improved ant colony algorithm for the logistics and distribution problems. The system realizes instant sensing and identification of goods through RFID, sensor network and other technologies, and completes the functions of goods inbound, outbound, query and statistics, etc. Meanwhile, it uses hardware such as intelligent shuttle and AGV to improve the efficiency of goods processing. For distribution path optimization, this paper improves the ACO algorithm in terms of initial pheromone, transfer rule and update strategy, and introduces chaotic perturbation mechanism to enhance the search capability. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm improves the convergence speed by 44.44% and reduces the distribution distance by 2.46% compared with the traditional ACO algorithm when there are 25 customer points; when the number of customer points is increased to 55, it reduces the distribution distance by 6.75% and 6.63% compared with the genetic algorithm and the traditional ACO algorithm, respectively. The system efficiency optimization simulation verifies the practicality of the model in the distribution of fresh agricultural products, which can minimize the total cost and reduce the carbon emissions under the conditions of meeting the customer time window and load limitations, and provides intelligent solutions based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technology for the logistics enterprises, which is of great significance for the sustainable development of the logistics economy.
