Heilongjiang Province is an important agricultural production base in China, and its soil organic carbon stock occupies an important position in the country. In recent years, the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon has gradually received wide attention with the environmental changes and the transformation of agricultural production methods. By studying the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in erosion gully area, it can provide scientific basis for regional soil protection and carbon sink management. This paper discusses the spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in erosion gully area and its simulation method based on the geostatistical method in Heilongjiang Province. The study collected soil samples from different points in the erosion gully area, and used geostatistical methods to spatially analyze and simulate the soil organic carbon data. The study firstly determined the best semi-variance function model by calculating the spatial correlation of the sample points, and then predicted the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon by using the Kriging interpolation method. The results show that the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in the erosion gully area has obvious regional differences and is jointly influenced by topography, vegetation cover and land use type. Through the simulated spatial distribution maps, areas with higher organic carbon storage and plots with higher carbon sink capacity can be clearly seen. This study provides a scientific basis for further soil protection measures, carbon sink management and sustainable agricultural development.
