This paper proposes a spatial optimization layout model of piano performance training environment based on Improved Whale Algorithm (IWAO) and BIM technology in response to the inability of traditional BIM technology to comprehensively reflect the optimized layout of piano performance training environment in housing. After determining the piano playing training environment, the alleviating effect of piano playing training on performance anxiety was explored, using questionnaires to obtain research data, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression model to explore the relationship between piano playing training and performance anxiety. Piano performance training occupies an area of 4.2 m², making the housing environment amenable to piano performance training activities. Performance anxiety mitigation = 0.347+0.313*Music reading training+0.459*Pedal training+0.487*Fingering training, and the VIF values of each variable are within the interval of 1~1.5, which satisfies the condition of 1<VIF<3, indicating that there is no multicollinearity in the believed regression analysis of piano playing training and performance anxiety mitigation, and that based on the linear quantitative form, the relationship between piano playing training on the performance anxiety alleviation.