Ideological and political education dissemination is crucial to the ideological and political education of college students, and its effect directly affects the effectiveness of college students’ ideological and political education. Firstly, the traditional association rule mining algorithm, in the process of ideological and political education content dissemination path optimization existing problems are described. In order to solve this kind of problem, on the basis of traditional association rule mining algorithm, transaction matrix and user interest degree are introduced, and finally the design of association rule mining algorithm based on transaction matrix and user interest degree is completed, and the algorithm is used to explore the current situation of ideological and political education content dissemination. When the number of ideological and political education resources is 50, 100 and 200 respectively, this paper’s algorithm has high-quality user satisfaction, which verifies that the introduction of transaction matrix and user interest degree on the traditional association rule mining algorithm is more conducive to the development and construction of ideological and political education content dissemination work.