As part of human cultural heritage, traditional handicrafts carry rich historical and cultural values. Based on deep learning and super-resolution technology, this paper discusses the digitization of traditional handicraft elements and cultural and creative product design methods. First, the convolutional neural network in deep learning is applied for the super-resolution reconstruction of handicraft images, which enhances the detail presentation of handicrafts by improving the image resolution. Second, the combination of 3D modeling and virtual reality technology is used to inject new vitality into the design of traditional handicrafts, so that they can be innovated and inherited in modern cultural and creative design. The experimental results show that the designed digital handicraft products have high scores in terms of “ease of learning”, “creativity”, “improving skills” and “promoting participation”, among which the score of “ease of learning” is 15 points and the score of “improving skills” is 10 points. Studies have shown that the combination of deep learning and digital technology can effectively promote the innovative design of traditional handicrafts, enhance their market competitiveness, and promote the modern inheritance of cultural heritage.