This paper takes the living environment transformation of college students’ dormitories as an entry point to explore its influence mechanism on college students’ academic stress relief and mental health promotion. The five dimensions of functional partitioning, color and lighting, storage and greenery, socialization and privacy, and intelligent design are used to realize the transformation of college students’ dormitory living environment. Taking a university as the research object, 84 students were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups for comparison. The results showed that in terms of academic stress, the stress score decreased from (7.23±1.35) to (6.28±1.31), and the cortisol level decreased from (13.47±2.27) μg/dL to (11.95±1.94) μg/dL. In terms of mental health, the depressive symptom, anxiety level, and the quality of sleep were significantly improved. It can be seen that college students’ dormitory living environment remodeling can effectively alleviate students’ academic pressure and promote the development of mental health, indicating that it has an important application value in the construction of college health promotion type.