Traditional residential building design relies on designers to manually build models of each floor and finally assemble them, which requires tedious operations such as delineating the axial network, defining the cross-section, and arranging the components, and the workload grows exponentially once the floors become complex. Modern architectural design faces challenges such as difficult interdisciplinary collaboration, poor information transfer, and frequent design changes, and there is an urgent need for more efficient design methods to improve work efficiency and design quality, and to ensure the coordination and unity among various specialties. In this study, we constructed an interdisciplinary collaboration mechanism based on the 3D engineering design collaboration platform of BIM technology, used Autodesk Revit to establish a residential building model, applied Ecotect Analysis software to perform performance simulation analysis, and evaluated the building thermal environment through PMV-PPD thermal comfort evaluation index. The research object is a four-story residential building with a floor area of 4,251 square meters and a height of 22.8 meters, with a reinforced concrete frame structure. The results show that after the BIM interdisciplinary 3D collaborative design renovation, the indoor PMV value was reduced from 1.41 to 0.62 in summer, and improved from -1.69 to -0.65 in winter, the total energy consumption of the building was 11.69*107 Wh, and the payback period of the exterior window optimization scheme was 7.2 years. The collaborative mechanism effectively enhances the efficiency of residential building design, improves indoor thermal comfort, significantly reduces building energy consumption, and provides a scientific basis and technical support for residential building design.
