The study systematically explores the synergistic mechanism between complex structural performance enhancement and formal aesthetic expression of topology optimization techniques in art design through numerical computation methods. Based on the homogenization theory and the grid point density method, a macro-micro coupled microstructure topology optimization framework is constructed, combining the quadratic filter and the Heaviside function to realize the structural boundary smoothing, ensuring the unity of mechanical properties and visual fluency. For the complexity of multi-material composite structures, an improved MBESO algorithm is proposed, which balances the performance of tensile and compressive regions by dynamically adjusting the material distribution and stress criterion, and realizes the synergistic optimization of lightweight and aesthetics. Experimental validation shows that the MBESO algorithm reduces the number of iterations to 40 times compared with the traditional BESO, the volume fraction is reduced to 3.3×10-9, and the error of multi-material optimization is less than 7.59%. Through eye tracking and physiological response experiments, it is found that the average gaze time of high-density information-based design is 238.99 ms, which is significantly higher than that of minimalist white spacebased design of 205.66 ms, and the emotion-driven design significantly improves the heart rate by 0.387±0.806 bpm, and the change of respiratory rate by 0.906±0.499 resp, which verifies the strong correlation between formal aesthetics and user perception.
