With the intensification of competition in the business environment, the efficiency of the whole chain response of materials has become the key to the competition of enterprises. The existing logistics network structure is difficult to balance the timeliness and cost. The study constructs a model to improve the response efficiency of the whole chain of materials based on network topology optimization, and explores the balance between the time efficiency of the whole chain response and the cost of network connection. The network topology-based particle swarm optimization (NTPSO) algorithm is used to construct a fast response system for the whole chain of materials, and the optimization ability of the algorithm is improved by the local path index, weighted connection matrix, and multi-subpopulation learning strategy. Case validation shows that among the three optimization schemes, Scheme 1 achieves the lowest cost of 2481.348 yuan, Scheme 8 reaches the shortest response time of 0.948 hours, and Scheme 5 obtains the highest customer satisfaction of 28.798. After the implementation of this model, the 100-min completion rate of the whole-chain response of the materials is stable at about 95%, the task processing time decreases up to 99.58%, and the user satisfaction (NPS) increases up to 6.63%, which proves that the model can be used to improve the quality and efficiency of the whole-chain response. 6.63%, proving that the model effectively solves the balance between time and cost, and significantly improves the efficiency of the whole chain response.
