The trend of green transformation of economic development puts forward higher requirements on the sustainable development ability of enterprises, ESG, as an important concept of enterprise operation under sustainable orientation, can make up for the shortcomings of traditional financial performance evaluation and make a full evaluation of the sustainability ability of enterprises. This paper combines the existing research and the actual situation, and designs a set of corporate sustainable development performance evaluation system with 7 primary indicators and 30 secondary indicators. At the same time, the entropy value method and the superiority and inferiority solution distance method are chosen as the method of assigning index weights. Listed companies in M industry are selected as the research object, with corporate performance (ROA) as the explanatory variable and ESG performance (ESG) as the core explanatory variable. Through correlation analysis and multicollinearity test, the development status of M industry listed companies is initially exposed and multicollinearity is avoided. Subsequently, research hypotheses are proposed and empirical analysis is carried out by linear regression with stability test. Good ESG performance will increase the economic efficiency of enterprises to a certain extent, in which the regression coefficient between ESG performance (ESG) and corporate performance (ROA) is 0.0007, which is significantly positive at 1% level.
