This essay looks at how China’s agricultural product business would develop in the future as a result of the “One Belt, One Road” (OBOR) program. As global trade ties strengthen under OBOR, the agricultural sector faces both new opportunities and challenges. The paper utilizes clustering analysis to evaluate the current state of the industry, identifying key issues such as inefficient logistics, geopolitical risks, and the supply-demand gap. Additionally, it explores the pressure on agricultural product enterprises to transform and upgrade within this international framework. With a focus on logistics infrastructure and the evolving international agricultural supply chain, the study proposes strategies for improving agricultural imports, risk management, and supply chain integration, offering solutions from the perspectives of government, society, and enterprises.